All in the monster manual champ
Cease your babbling or I'll sic duckbunnies on you.
I'm trying to determine what would make sense and be logically consistent, not what what was cooked up by Wizards of The Co(a)st.
And you won't live anywhere near dragon lifespan or even dragon adulthood if you're dumb when you're rumoured to have a pile of bling.
Not because someone will challenge and off you face-to-face obviously.
Additionally, a dragon will not only have a better start in terms of magic, but far longer track records in regards to any learning experience.
All dragons are very clumsy, about as graceful as a peasant.
That's scaling for you.
Their understanding of human psychology is about as indepth as their understanding of the rest of the world, remarkably wise creatures as a rule, but nothing beyond human capabilities either, if they even bother to study them, most of the dont, for the same reason most humans dont study sheeps or ants.
The difference is that you don't typically have to deal with unusually crafty ants trying to murder you.
Sure, unless specifically interested in it or interacting with humanoids a lot, a dragon will probably remain rather oblivious to a lot of humanoid psychology and culture, but how humanoids go about killing stuff will be a matter those that survive without staying in complete isolation will understand and attempt to exploit.
Your typical dragon is lazy, proud and overindulgent, on top of having a remarkably high life expectancy, what they achieve in 100 years a disciplined human can achieve in kist a few. They just start further ahead and have a natural talent for it, which further feeds into their overbloated egos. Add to this the boundless greed that afflicts most of them and they spend too much time trying to get valuables and setting up defenses that they dont have time for much else but their ever important long naps.
Don't forget having those defenses tested and improving them.
Plus I wouldn't expect you to show much humility towards what from your POV amounts to a species of talking field mice either.
Also a dragons wings are the first thing you should take care of, they are brittle, fragile and too much of a tactical advantage to be left alone.
And dragon is aware of that. Like I said, you need a lot of fiendishly clever (because said dragon did best to anticipate it, as helped by substantial experience in this matter) manoeuvring to eliminate all or most of dragon's overwhelming advantages for such battle to not be autosplat.
For the record, much less than a dragon should be fully sufficient for a nearly autosplat battle if player goes with a simple frontal attack.
Why be so extreme? you can merely reposition. Its not either stand your ground or flee bro. battles have a bit more depth than that. You can often chose to fight the battle on your own terms, youll live longer if you do.
You can't win the battle by repositioning alone and if the enemy can simply exhaust your resources, then you can't win at all. If you have five spells and I have six guys (make it eleven if you have charm and the like), then at worst (for me) the last guy stabs you in the dick.
Which is why you set the world state and let the
...game not know what the fuck to do with it unless it's given precise rules regarding how to proceed.
Bows should have hard strength and dexterity requirements.
Why hard dexterity reqs? The rest of your post seems ok.
Physics is clear on this point F=MA. In order to be agile, that is, in order to accelerate quickly, you must generate a large amount of force: You must be strong. It is possible to reduce the amount of Force required by reducing Mass, but humans only have so much variation in mass. Conversely, to be strong, you will necessarily be quick, because again: F=MA. If you can generate a lot of force, you can accelerate your mass quickly. Unless you are dragging around a lot of extra M, that is, you are grossly obese, the ability to generate force means quick acceleration.
Your strength increases with square of your size, your mass with cube.
It might not matter that much with what little variation there is between individuals. Small guys might be harder to hit (and spot) and a bit better at dodging. OTOH they are almost guaranteed to have worse ground speed.
Everything on your list is either arguable or plain wrong.
...
This will be interesting.