Hey, don't worry about it. This is like one of those things that is really hard to approach but when you do it once it all makes sense.
Yes, what I mean is let's say I want to compile for Android in the official way, so I set up everything I need and now I'm able to compile it using Android Studio for example.
This means that everything you need to make it work for Qt is already there, so you can go to the Qt Online Installer and install 'Android ARMv7' version.
The downside is that you will get some things that you don't need, which is the Android Studio itself.
But if you follow this
http://doc.qt.io/qt-5/androidgs.html should be enough.
So all this set up the environment that I'm talking about is this part here:
Installing the Prerequisites
In order to use
Qt for Android, you need the following:
After installing these tools, update the Android SDK by installing the API and build tools packages required for development. You can install these packages either through Android Studio or using the command line tools package you installed earlier. For more details, refer to the
Android Studio documentation.
As long as you install Qt later, after setting everything up, Qt Creator will auto configure the paths for you. If you install it first it can be a bit of a pain in the ass to set the compiler and all the stuff manually.
You can always reinstall it as well.
So the process for compiling is the same for Windows, you tell it to compile and it will generate an apk file which you can put on your android device, install and test.
If you want to compile and it 'magically' run on your device, I think is possible but I have never done it.
What will probably scare you is the part about publishing it but you can learn it later, for testing purposes I don't think it's necessary.