The career of the film producer Saul Zaentz, who has died aged 92, was marked not only by his independence (his productions were often largely self-funded) but also by his dedication to each individual film. Unlike most producers, who have numerous projects on the go, Zaentz worked on just one at a time. This resulted in a relatively short CV but one with a high share of Oscars, including three best picture winners: One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975), Amadeus (1984) and The English Patient (1996).
Zaentz was born in Passaic, New Jersey, the youngest of five children of Russian-Polish Jewish parents, Morris and Goldie.
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He enlisted in the army in the second world war, serving as a sergeant-major on an army transport moving troops to the Mediterranean, north Atlantic and south and central Pacific.
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He found a job with record distributors, and later went to New York to work with Norman Granz, a jazz record producer and concert promoter.
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Zaentz later headed a group of investors who bought out the Weiss brothers, established a subsidiary, Galaxy Records, and acquired Debut Records, which had been founded by Charles Mingus and Mingus's then wife, Celia. Zaentz married Celia in 1960. Fantasy's major breakthrough came with recording the then unknown rock group the Golliwogs, who achieved success under their new name Creedence Clearwater Revival.
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Zaentz then became involved with film...Having been an avid reader since childhood, it was perhaps inevitable that Zaentz would produce films based on novels. This began when he joined forces with Michael Douglas to produce the Miloš Forman-directed adaptation of Ken Kesey's novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest.
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Zaentz then acquired certain rights to JRR Tolkien's epic novels The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, for which he set up Middle-Earth Enterprises. The company produced an animated feature of The Lord of the Rings in 1978, and produced and licensed other screen and stage productions, leading to the films directed by Peter Jackson, as well as merchandise based on the Tolkien novels.
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Saul Zaentz obituary, The Guardian, 2014