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More recently it's hard to think of many games that fit that kind of bill - ones that are simultaneously popular, easy to mod, and feature game design that lends itself incredibly well to modding.
Nexus' top games page claims that Cyberpunk, Baldur's Gate 3, and Stardew Valley are all popular for modding (though I get the impression that in Cyberpunk and BG3's case, it's a similar situation to Starfield - a lot of very minor cosmetic mods without any big overhauls).
You are wrong about Cyberpunk. It's heavily moldable. I play with around 70 mods give or take 20, atleast 8 are only library/core mods for modders. Their exist atleast 5 big overhaul mods for enemies, giving all the gangs their lore friendly powers, like Tiger Claws being resistance vs smart guns.
I have 6 mods for vehicles making them drive realistically, so much that I switch to Xbox controller for driving so I can control the throttle. There are many big cop mods, make them chase you, or switch out that gangs are "cops" in different areas. Hell event the railway line was a mod before they added it! Economy mods, I personally love the stock exchange mod, it's so fitting for the setting. Quest mods have started appearing lately. Then there's weapon mods that add weapons if your in to that.
Mods for changing the lightning and look and feel, like colour space gamma, HDR mods, add mods, "charcter mods" ofcourse, ragdoll physic overhaul mods, hacker mods that make enemy net runners a real threat, xp mods, nice to have mods like flashlight or changing ride height in vehicles or minimap and map mods or portable computer mod, survival mods for men of cululture, plcyberphycosis mods, brain dance mods. Blood spatter, dismembered mod,
Fucking immersive mods that are basically animation mods where you always get to sit down in to the ripperdock chair like the first time at Vic's, playing eating animations at food street vendors, bar mods that allows you to call in people you know to the bar. Mods that open up the windows of all the buildings in game for immersion.
Area expansion mods, H10 Megabuilding unlocked, unlocked casino.
I'm only scratching the surface here. So you have been greatly misinformed if you believed there were only aesthetic mods. I can link you some good youtuber or compile a list, if you like.