If we look only at the game without background lore, no one would tell that any of the order factions are grimdark people complaining about Cathay are dumb dumb.
Don't forget that the lore is full on grimderp at times. In some editions the average Bretonnian peasant is supposed to be so horribly shackled to their land and and so inbred that they are multi limbed and indistinguishable from Tzeentchean Blobs. Whereas the contrast with the Empire is that their peasants will be taxed to death by age 12, at which point their carcasses are burned to death for the crime of witchcraft and their families persecuted for the local lordling's lost revenues. So yeah, that shit was toned down not only for the Total War games but in between tabletop editions as well.
Cathay's rulers are too heroic? So are Leonceur and Karl Franz. Cathay's lands too nice? Bretonnian towns are impossible fairy tale castles and the countryside is beautiful as well. The ruling government too well meaning and organized? The royal family lost one (1) sibling for a few weeks and the country imploded into a Chinese Style Civil War. A quarter of Cathay is ruled by a Warpstone addict with daddy issues and the buildings will hint that 'both life and labour are cheap in Cathay', 'for all are compelled to work by the Emperor's will'. There's a reason why those Cathay rebel factions from the early game will sometimes quip that they won't be slaves.
If you had to create a pastiche western europe faction what would you do other than the same thing they did to Araby?
If there were around 4 middle eastern factions and only one western european faction I'd make something akin to Bretonnia, not Araby. Something that is well done and well thought out. That's the problem with your response. You don't seem to care for the difference. It's not a matter of adding more or less detail to a faction, it's discussing what identity one wishes to give said faction and filtering out one's sources for architecture, clothing, weapons, tactics and folklore.
Consider that at one point Bretonnia was a great deal more generic than it is today. It used to do double duty and also represent the British Empire, with a large technologically advanced Navy and colonies around the world. I'm not sure if that part of the lore was completely extirpated from canon, but it's clear that the focus of Bretonnia as a faction was shifted as it went through overhauls in its tabletop history. Hell, there was a time when Bretonnia was accused of being too 'Hero Bright' when compared to the Empire: it was back when the questing nobility was meritocratic and peasant villages would nominate a hero and pool resources to get them armor and weapons so they can go around doing hero stuff. Which is to say that there's nothing new under the sun.
Araby is where Bretonnia used to be. It's stretched too thin. It's supposed to be a medieval muslim arabic analog to Bretonnia's old errantry wars. But there's nothing arabic or medieval about it. And the reason why that's a bad thing is because it dillutes the faction and warps its details. Case in point:
So what would you call
It's basically Ottoman military concepts with Ottoman terms, weird Indo-Persian clothing
instead?
Such a faction would be turco-persian and early modern in nature. It would be a gunpowder focused faction based around a small elite infantry and a large disciplined cavalry force. It would have horse archers, elite cavalry, elite gun-men, hand cannons and siege artillery. It's main geopolitical rivalry would be akin to the Great Ottoman-Habsburg Wars rather than the Crusades, so it would share a border with the Empire rather than exist across the sea from Bretonnia. It's main internal struggle would be against local factions and nomadic peoples across a large mountaineous landscape. It's aesthetics would be decisively ottoman turkish, which is to say that buildings would be akin to those in Anatolia and Greece and an architecture adapted to it's mountaineous landscape. Their people/soldiers would wear jackets, baggy pants and veils. They would wield curved swords, short bows and a bunch of different types of guns. Unique faction mechanics can draw from things like the extremely unique slave system found in Mamluke states to Iranian traditions of a scholarly bureaucracy and Ottoman. One might call this faction Turania or something.
Meanwhle an Araby would be abbassid and cordoba based. It would be a medieval army of spearmen, archers and heavy melee cavalry. It's main geopolitical rival would be Bretonnia and Estalia, mirroring the Crusades and the conquest/re-conquest of Iberia. As such the faction can mostly stay where it is. It's main internal struggle would draw from things like the Anarchy in Samarra for an early game succession civil war between an imperial capital of scholar bureaucrats and the power of great families at the borders of the empire. It's aesthetics would be arabic, which is to say that buildings would be akin to those found in Egypt and the Hejaz/Bagdad with an architecture that is adapted to it's desert landscape. It's people/soldiers would wear long single piece robes and turbans. They'd wield straight swords, spears, javelins and composite bows.
Araby could be a fusion culture of both the medieval arab dominated middle east and the late medieval/early modern turk dominated middle east. But it would have to be like Kislev. And to get on Kislev's level you have to step back and discuss all the details. I could see a situation where you have a 4 province Araby inspired in the late Abbassid caliphate. You have an Araby sub-faction with an LL more closely inspired on medieval Cordoba and the Maghreb and you have another Araby sub-faction more closely inspired by the Mamlukes and the Ottomans. The overall architecture would have to be a fusion of mountaineous turco-persian and desert levantine. The units would be like Kislev's slav-tatar split, with archers dressed as arabs and horse archers dressed as turks. This would be something truly good, unique, that enriches the world and is capable of selling. It is also, I think, the baseline for any hypothetical re-imagining of the region be it by GW or CA.
Fantasy Warhammer is retarded, if you like the historical aspect mixed with monsters LotR is ten times better as actual thought went in to the design of the world. This mishmash of stolen ideas from all over the place is giving me aneurysm every time I read some lore in these games. I don't get it, what is the appeal?
I like pike and shot tactics and magic and stuff.