Upon starting the game, it randomly draws one map outline from - I'm guessing here - a pool of about half-a-dozen to a dozen. Here's an example of a map outline:
The placement of primary locations on these maps is not completely random. They seem to follow a grid based pattern.
For example, in the map above, the grid would look something like this:
Everywhere a horizontal and a vertical blue line meet there is a very high probability of a primary location being placed there. On top of that, the whereabouts of primary locations seem to be set in stone for each map outline (meaning that, whatever map outline you get, the hideouts, the pig shed, whatever will always be in the exact same spot).
What DOES get changed around (and completely randomly too) are the whereabouts of the secondary locations, including the Wolfman's camp. You can tell the difference by the size of the icons on the map: large icon = primary location, small icon = secondary location. Secondary locations can end up pretty much anywhere on the map (within the biomes they're assigned to).