Nothing substantial.
They added prison, so if you have crime stat and you die, you respawn in a prison on Hurston's moon Arial. You can reduce your prison sentence by working in the mines, but nobody does and it's boring mining rocks by yourself. There is a secret escape route out of the prison where you have to do a jumping puzzle and then you reach the surface and try to hijack a car and escape before you cook to death, but you still won't be able to actually get off the planet without outside help since there are no cities on Arial to spawn a spaceship at. Your prison sentence ticks down in real time regardless of whether you are playing or not, so you just log off and wait a day to play again and then get released.
Medical gameplay was added. Now particular body parts like your arms or legs can be injured. A player with a heal gun can heal people but he has to balance 4 different drugs and try not to kill his patient by overdosing them. If your HP reaches 0, there is a chance you go into a downed state rather than instantly dying, where you have up to 20 minutes to be revived by another player before you die. You can send out a call for help if you get downed.
If your ship's HP reaches 0, there is a chance it won't explode. Instead it will just be rendered nonoperative but the wreck with its contents and passengers will remain intact and can be boarded and the goods inside taken.
Inventory loss upon death was added. Because grinding credits and and the process of warping around the star system buying specific equipment from each shop is so incredibly tedious and it is so easy to die in the game through no fault of your own, people don't bother outfitting themselves with the best stuff anymore. They just run around in default gear or with really cheap store items.
They revamped the gas giant of Crusader. It is now longer a sphere with a texture with nothing on it. You can now fly down into the atmosphere, and there is the floating shipyard city of Orison. Sadly Orison ingame looks nowhere near as cool as in the concept art.
They added Reclaimer wrecks to planets. You can get a mission that takes you to a random one and tells you to clear it out of bandits.
They added one form of salvage with hull scraping.