tl;dw - Star Citizen 1.0 will launch with 5 systems: Stanton, Nyx, Pyro, Castra, Terra (the latter 4 will be anywhere from ~2-5x the size of the Stanton we have today)
Development continues after 1.0
No more wipes, no more tier 0 implementations of game systems
Squadron 42 serves as a prologue for the universe and ends with your character getting citizenship and given a plot of land in UEE space
Star Citizen will introduce a narrative story that introduces the various guilds that are associated with their professions
These guilds provide the reputation needed to acquire ships from various dealers and blueprints in game (ships will be craftable)
This provides a loose framework for all activities and resources to have value in the economy
New and existing locations will be adding "location stories" which add additional gameplay and lore
Changes to insurance: All ships associated with your account (promotions, ship pledges etc.) are permanent and they can not be lost
This means every player will have at least one ship guaranteed in their hangar at all times (because one comes with the game)
Tier 1 warranty - Chassis
Tier 2 warranty - Chassis, components
Tier 3 warranty - Chassis, components, decorations
LTI = permanent Tier 2/Tier 3 warranties
Warranties can be earned in game and transferred between any ship in your hangar but there will be significant cooldowns for transfers
Currently >90% of ship claims are currently for ships that aren't destroyed so they want you to recover them, provide free "taxis" to your ship to recover them and strongly discourage claiming ships that aren't destroyed
Claim times proportional to how long it takes to build them, smaller ships will be instantly available
Endgame: Solo missions, group missions, server wide events, instanced content such as fleet battles
Station warfare to upkeep shields to protect your bases in unmonitored space
Base building exists so base building will take place in vulnerable sectors
Orgs will be able to build their own space stations
VR support reiterated
I glossed over a lot of details.